Constructional details of a livestock farm

  Foundation:

  • A trench / pit of min 3 ft should be dug.
  • It is rammed hard by metals, stones.
  • A layer of bricks of 6 ft depth is spread out and rammed.
  • Then cement mortar is applied

  Floor:

  • Floor should be hard, impervious to water and easy to clean
  • Floor shall have a gradient of 1 in 40 to 1 in 60 towards the drains so that wash water can run into drains so that wash water can run in to drains easily.
  • Height of the floor is normally 45-90cm.

 Walls :

  • Loose housing system covered areas have wall only at end
  • One and half m high walls enclose the open area
  • Thickness should not be exceeding 35 cm
  • Height -7.5 ft

v  Roof:

  • Roof should be light, Strong, Durable, weather proof, bed conductos of heat and free from tendency to condense moisture
  • Material- tiles, slates, GI sheets, corrugated asbestos, aluminium sheet
  • Slope of roof

Type

Pitch angles

Thatched roof

35

Tiled roof

25-30

Sheet roof

12-18

  •   Style of roof

Shed type

Single sloped (small farmer)

Even span/ gable type

Double slope

Flat type

Reinforced cement concrete

Dome type

Plastic or red mud plastic

Monitor and semi monitor

 

  Mangers:

  • Shall be continue type
  • Material- stone slabs, wooden planks, brick lined with cement mortar, cement mortar
  • Width 2 and half ft, height-9’’-12’’, surface shall be rounded and smooth surface

  Water troughs:

  • Materials- RCC, bricks with cement mortar, stone slabs
  • 2m wide

   Gates and passages:

Kind of passage or gate

use

Min width

Types of passage

Feed passage along the manger

For feed craft

1.5

metalled

Passages leading to individual shed

Movement of animal

1.2

gravel

Farm roads

Trucks, tractors

2.5

metalled

Shed gates

To individual pens

1.2

Hinged single

Farm gates

Drive through

2.5

Hinged double

 Footbath And Spray Race:

  • Footbath is 6*3 at the bottom, 12*4 m on the top and 0.3 m deep and constructed near the entrance.
  • It is filled with the germicide solution
  • Spray races are for spraying insecticide solutions on animals for controlling insect pest

  Farm Fences:

  • Must be light, strong and durable
  • Can be made of iron or wooden rails, wooden rails, wooden poles, wooden rails, metal tubing, plain woven wires.