External Parasites

They include Lice, Ticks, Mites, and Fleas etc. which are a regular source of annoyance to the birds and cause loss of the poultry in an indirect way. The preventive measures for general control of these parasites are regular spraying of DDT dust or gammexane, dusting birds with sodium fluoride and a mixture of one part tobacco powder, one part sulphur and ten parts wood ash. There are several other diseases of less common occurrence caused by environmental factors, namely, “Egg bound” (difficulty in egg- laying due to narrow cloacal passage), “Vent gleet’’(ulcer of cloaca), “Bumble foot” (swelling and abscess of the foot), “Subcutaneous Emphysema (skin distended with air) etc.