Rice
- For improving germination and seedling vigour, sun-dried seeds are kept in a gunny bag and imbibed in water for 12 h before sowing
- Subject the seeds to biofertilizers like Azospirillum / Phosphobacteria / Pseudomonas treatment one day before sowing and shade dry for 30 minutes. The recommended rate of biofertilizer is 200 g for every 10 kg of seed.
- Soak the seeds in 10 and 20 ppm aerated solutions of spermidine, putrescine, and spermine (polyamines) for 48-h at 28 ± 2 °C for better germination, early seedling growth, and drought tolerance.
- In P deficit soils, seed treatment with P benefits to seedling shoot growth, larger number of leaves, taller plant, larger number of tillers, and higher P concentration.
- Priming rice seed with CaCl2 with osmotic potential -1 MPa reduces the injurious effect of salinity stress.
- For imparting resistance against seed-borne pathogens, soak the seeds in cow urine solution (mix 500 ml of urine in 2.5 l of water) for half an hour and shade dry it before one day of sowing.
- For control of Helminthosporium leaf spot disease, paddy the seeds are soaked in 20% mint leaf extract for 12 h before sowing.
- For flood prone Low land and deep water-DSR, seed priming with salicylic acid (100 mg L−1 salicylic acid) and Osmo-priming of seed with KH2PO4 (1.5%) is recommended.