Energy-efficient management practices

Different agricultural operations employ different forms of energy. Tillage operations are highly energy-intensive; heavy tillage operations not only require higher fossil fuels but also result in damage to soil structures causing loss of soil organic carbon and plant nutrients. The farming practices such as conservation tillage involving zero-, minimum- and mulch-tillage are considered energy-efficient farm operations. Similarly, the use of non-conventional energy operated farm machinery such as solar operated machinery involved for pumping water, spraying pesticides, etc. can be used as energy-saving technology. Other resource conservation technologies viz., permanent raised beds, residue management, etc. are also practiced to conserve energy and to increase energy use efficiency. Most of these technologies are both energy as well as carbon efficient